Machine for roasting coffee and for other purposes.



` S. CRANSTON. MACHINE EOE RoAsTING coEEEE AND EOE oTEEE PURPOSES.

APPLIOATION FILED 00'1.26, 1908. 918,423, Patented Apr. 13, 1909. 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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MACHINE FOR ROASTING COFFEE AND FOB OTHER PURPOSES.

A APPLIOATION FILED 00T. 26, 1908. Patented Apr.. 13

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S. CRANSTON. MACHINE FOR ROASTING CGFFEB AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

l APPLIOATION FILED 0012.26, 1908.

Patented Apr. 13, 1909.

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S. CRANSTON. MACHINE EOE EOASTING COFFEE AND EOE OTHER PURPOSES. v

v APPLICATION FILED 00T. 26, 1908. 918,423. Patented Apr. 13,1909.

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STUART ORANSTON, OF GLASGOW, SCOTLAND.

MACHINE FOR ROASIING COFFEE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.

No; eie,423.

To all 'whom it may concern: j

Be 1t known that I, STUART OuANs'roN, a

ysubject of the King of Great Britain and Ireland, and a resident of Glasgow, Scotland, havey invented certain new and useful lmprovements in Machines for Roasting Coffee and other Purposes, of which the following is the s ecification.

This invention has for its object to provide an improved construction of machine by dmeans of which coffee beans or other materials may be roasted and afterward cooled, if desired, in a satisfactory and expeditious manner, the machine being also applicable for cooling the coee beans after roasting in l another machine,'and as a tea mixer.

i Inorder that the invention and the mannerof performing the same may be properly understood there are hereunto appended four sheets of drawings throughout which like symbols indicate like parts and in which- Figure 1, .Sheet 1, is a transverse vertical section and Fig. 2, Sheet 2, a part front elevation partly 1n section of one example of the improved machine, the remaining part of the sectional front elevation being shown in Fig. 2a Sheet 3. Figs. 3 and 4 Sheet 3 being vertical sections at right angles to each other of parts sufficient to show a second example, while Fig. 5 Sheet 4 is a transverse vertical section showing a third example.

In carrying out the invention according to the example shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 2a the machine comprises a casing A having an overhead canopy from the top of which a flue :t leads. Through the casing A there extends a stationary shaft A1 around which a drum A2 is made to revolve, as hereinafter described, within the casing. ln the front side of the drum A2, there is an opening, the drum having secured to it at this part an angled yring A3, carrying one race of a ballbearing, the other race of which is formed in a ring A, secured to the casing around an opening therein, which opening is closed by a plate A5 secured to the ring A4, the plate having at its center a bearing A for one end of theV shaft A1. At the opposite side the drumA2 has secured to it a short hollow shaft B concentric with the stationary shaft A1, and projecting out through an opening in that s1de of the casing A. The drum A2 may be driven in any suitable manner through the hollow shaft B as for instance by` mounting on the latter a pulley B1 adapted to'be belt driven from any suitable source Specification of Letters Patent.

f Application filed October 26, 1908.

Patented April 13, 1909.

Serial No. 459,496.

of power. The hollow shaft B is carried by a ball bearing B2 in the edge of an opening in the casing, and between it and the fixed shaft A1 additional ball bearings Bi" are also provided. TNithin the drum A2, and secured to the sides in any desired manner, near to the internal circumference, there are a number of plates and scoops B4 Bi". These plates drum, the sides of the drum at this point being deflected inwardly in the example shown, so that when in action, as hereinafter described, the material lifted is directed sidewise toward the center and must fall into a hopper C1.

On the fixed shaft A there is secured a bracket O extending up within the drum A- and supporting at its upper end one side of the hop er C1, the upper mouth of which is about tie width of the drum. The lower neck C2 of this hopper is slightly above and to one side of the axis of the drum. A feed chute C3 is arranged to deliver material to he treated beneath the axis of the drum. There is also a discharge chute C4, the up )er end of which is within Jhe drum A2 and its ower end projects through the closing plate A5. It is put in communication with the lower open end ol' the hopper O1, as hereinafter described, when the charge is to be withdrawn. An additional sight chute O5 leads from an opening C near the upper edge of the hopper. The outer end of this sight chute C5 projects through the plate A5 on the front of the casing A so that it is over the outer open end of the feed chute O3. The upper end of the additional sight chute C5 serves also as a support for the hopper O1. A handled rod D projects through the plate A5 on the front of the casing A and is attached to a chute D1 hinged to the lower edge of the hopper C1, the rod D also having secured to it links, one D2 of which is attached to a door D3 hinged on the upper inner end of the discharge chute Cf, and the other D4 being attached to a slide D5 capable of closing the upper end of the additional sight chute C5.

Heat is applied to the exterior of the drum A2 in any desired manner, for example, by a Bunsen burner consisting of a number of perforated pipes E arranged as shown in the lower part of the casing and beneath the drum A2.' The products of combustion pass up around the drum A2, through the space between it and the casing A, so that the drum is heated in an efficient manner. From the and scoops extend from side to side of the top ol the drum the gases pass into the upper I in the h ox may be drawn oi'l` thereiroin by a part of the casing, in which part there is arranged a container a coil of piping El through which air is forced. The air thus takes up a large portion ol' the heat lelt in the gases after they have acted on the drum. The air heating coil oll piping El may be arranged in other desired manner, and additional means oie heating the air coil may be used if desired. The end ol' this air heating coil El, passes through the side of the casing A and is connected with the upper end of a trap E2 (Fig. 2) the lower end ol' which is closed by a removable plug the t ap catching any impurities deposited in the coil and carried down by the air and by vibration to the trap. From the trap a pipe E4 passes through the iront plate A5 of the main easing so th at the hot air is discharged within the drum A2 to assist in heating the contents thereof. A pipe having an inverted flared end within the drum is led outside the casing A to a box G (Figi 2a) litted with a removable screen preferably in the form ol' two wire gauze cylinders G1 G2, one within the other, the outer one being of 'liner mesh than the inner one. The box has a pipe G leading from the space outside the cylinders into the inlet of a fan G4, the discharge pipe G5 from which preferably, as shown, passes through the casing A, so that the heat in the air withdrawn from the drum A2 may he utilized in' externally heating the drum and coil El.

In operation, after a charge of the collec beans to be roasted is fed into the drum A2 through the charging chute C3, rotation is imparted to the drum, the external heat applied thereto and the hot air admitted therein, all as hereinbelore descrihed. The drum is rotating clockwise when vlooking on the front of the casing Fig. 2, and the plates and elevator scoops B4 B5 dip into the beans which are nearest the lower right hand side, and when the highest point in their rotation is reached they are inverted and discharge their contents into the hopper C1. From the lower end C2 of the hopper, the beans fallin a stream through the vhot air in the drum which assists the external heat in effecting the desired roasting of the heans, this hot air aeration considerahly eXpediting the process and preventing the berries taking on what is known as the bulli-roast flavor. The fan G4 drawing from the boX G, to which the pipe E5 with the flared end is attached, draws oil iirst the dust and any loose i'luill or flights, then the moisture driven otf from the beans in the Vlorin of vapor or steam; and finally any dry iluii which has become detached from the h erries. The i'luil is caught by the screen G1 G2, any particles which may be i'ine enough to pass through the inner screen heing caught by the outer one. The double i pipe H 'fitted with a tap, not shown.

As the air supplied to the drum is heated, I

l it expands on reaching the drumso that there is always a plenum of hot air within the drum l which prevents the possibility of cold air l passing into the drurn.

l Dpring the rotation of tlhe druni A2, a l smazi stream of h eans passes from the hopper y C1 through the sight chute C", and a sample can readily be taken as the heans fall from the end of that chute into the mouth of' the chute C3 which returns them again to the drum.

Til/Then roasting is completed both the eX- ternal heat and the hot air supply is shut oli; and cooling may he ei'iected by continuing the rotation of the drunrr and drawing cold air through the drum. Or preferably the roasted beans inay be discharged into a sepa-k rate similar machine in whi ch they are cooled. `ln any case when the discharge is to take l place either after roasting or cooling, the handled rod D is pulled outward., this brings the hinged chute D1 into such a position that it forms an inclined plane -between the bottom (l2 of the hopper C2 and the inner end of the discharge chute C4. rl`he same move-v inent oi the handled rod lifts the door D3 which has closed the discharge chute during the roasting operation, and the beans on leaving the hopper pass down the inclined chute Dl into the discharge chute. At the saine time, the slide D5 is moved to close the additional sight chute C5. The plates B4 are so placed relative to the scoops B5 thatwhen there are only a few beans left in the drum the plates direct them into the scoops and thus insure that the drum is rapidly and entirely emptied. p

instead of the door D3, covering the inner end of the discharge chute C, being hinged, it niay, as shown in igs. S and 4, be arranged to slide, and it has attached to it a small chute H1 so shaped that on movement of a handled rod D the door D3 is removed from the position in which it covers the discharge C4, and the small chute H1 is interposed to direct the 1beans from the hopper outlet C2 into the discharge. The rate at which the berries escape by the discharge prevents them rising in the hopper to such a height that they could then escape by the sight chute, a shield C7 preventing the berries which are raised bythe scoops falling through the sight chute when discharge is taking place.

Instead ol' the berries leaving the drum by gravity through the incline discharge chute C4, they iii-ay be removed by a helical conveyer arranged horizontally as shown in Fig. 5. This eonveyer consists of a drum H2, the inner end of which is opposite the lower screen is removed and cleaned from time to g open end of a discharge chute C4, the upp'er time, and the moisture which may condense l end of which is beneath the discharge C2 from the hopper C1, and is covered and uncovered by a sliding door D3 as in Figs. 3 and f 4, but in this case the small discharge chute H1 isto the rear of the door instead of at the front thereof, so that the handled rod D requires to be moved in the opposite direction to that in Figs. 3 and 4 to effect the covering and uncovering of the discharge (If. The drum H2 runs on ball bearings Hfl H", and a rod. J extends through its center and through the back of the casing A. When the rod J which has a swivel joint handle is pulled outward, this puts a small pulley J1 on the back end of the rod in frictional contact with the inner surface of the driving pulley B1 so that the small pulley Jl and the rod J is made to revolve; and, as the front end of the rod is squared and passes through an aperture ina spider J 2 within the drum H2, the drum also then revolves on its bearings. All the berries which fall into the inner end of the drum H2 from the discharge CL are then moved gradually through the drum and discharged at its outer end by the conveyer blades J3'secured helically within the drum H2. c

The machine with feed and discharge chutes, but without the means of heating, or the air su plying and withdrawing mechanism1nay Ihe used as a tea mixer.

What I claim is 1. In a machine of the type described, an

outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried Withiny the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute andmeans to uncover the inner end of in communication therewith when desired,

as described. y

2. In a machine of the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised kby the lifting devices, a discharge chute, means to uncover the inner end of this chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communication therewith when desired, a sieht chute extending from an opening in the hopper through the casing, and means for closing this chute when the discharge chute is uncovered, as described.

3. In a machine of the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute, means to uncover the inner end of this chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communicashaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute, means to uncover the inner end of this chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communication therewith when desired, a sight chute extending from the opening in the hopper through the casing, and means.

for closing this chute when the discharge chute is uncovered, means for heating the drum, for supplying heated gaseous fluid to the interior thereof, and for withdrawing therefrom products given off from the 1n aterial being treated, as described.

5. In a machine of the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute, a helical discharge conveyer extending from the discharge chute through the casing, means to uncover the inner end of the discharge chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communication therewith, and means for rotating the conveyer when discharge of the contents of the drum is to take place, as described.

6. In a machine of the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute, a helical discharge conveyer extending from the discharge chute through the casing, means to uncover the inner end of the discharge chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communication therewith, means for rotating the conveyer when discharge of the contents of the drum is to take p ace, means for heating the drum, for supplying heated gaseous fluid to the interior thereof, and for withdrawing therefrom products given off from the material being treated, as described.

7. In a machine of the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried within the drum as to receive the material raised by the lifting devices, a discharge chute, a helical discharge conveyer extending from the discharge chute through the casing, means to uncover the inner end of the discharge chute and put the bottoni of the hopper in communication therewith, means for rotating the conveyer When discharge of the contents of theV drum is to take place, a sight chute extending from an opening in the hopper through the casing, and means for closing this chute when the discharge chute is uncovered, as descrilo ed.

8. In a machine of' the type described, an outer casing, a horizontal shaft extending across this casing, a drum rotating on the l shaft, lifting devices on the internal circumference of the drum, a hopper so carried Within the drum as to receive the material ing from the discharge chute through the casing, nieans to uncover the inner end of the discharge chute and put the bottom of the hopper in communication therewith, means for rotating the conveyer When discharge of the contents of the drum is to take place, a sight chute extending from an opening in the hopper through the casing, means for closing this chute when the discharge chute is uncovered, and means for heating the drum, for supplying heated gaseous fluid to the in terior thereof, and for withdrawing :therefrom products given ofl` from the material being treated, as described.

ln testimony whereof l have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

STUART CRANSTON.

Witnesses Riom). JoNEs, HARVEY J. BAvAs'rooK. 

